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Keywords: Thallium, Mass poisoning, Acute poisoning, Neurotoxicity, Extracorporeal detoxification, Antidote therapy
Thallium is a water-soluble metal and extra dosage has toxicological effect in human body. Thallium is readily absorbed by inhalation, ingestion and skin contact. The symptomatology of thallium toxicity was seen in patients with hemorrhage, bone/gastrointestinal problems, delirium, convulsions and coma. So, accurate determination of thallium in water and human urine is …
Tests of your urine can detect thallium up to 2 months. The normal amount of thallium in human urine amounts to less than 1 ppm and 5-10 ppb in human hair. Although thallium can be …
plasma thallium with graft failure and mortality during a median follow-up of 5.4 [interquartile range: 4.8 to 6.1] years. In conclusion, in contrast with other heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, and arsenic, there is no evidence of tubular damage or thallium nephrotoxicity for the range of circulating thallium concentrations observed in this ...
Changes in blood thallium concentrations in the patient during PE treatment are shown in Fig. 1. On the 57th day from onset (the 14th day from admission), no thallium ions were detected in the blood or cerebrospinal fluid, whereas the urine thallium concentration was only 80 ng/mL. PB treatment was stopped after 15 days of treatment.
The Science of the Total Environment, 71 (1988) 513-518 513 Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam -- Printed in The Netherlands URINARY THALLIUM: CRITICAL PROBLEMS, REFERENCE VALUES AND PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF AN INVESTIGATION IN WORKERS WITH SUSPECTED INDUSTRIAL EXPOSURE P. APOSTOLI, G. …
If the thallium concentration in the urine is greater than 0.3 mg/L, it confirms thallium poisoning. Other diagnostic tests include: Blood tests (used to determine eosinophilic levels) ... Urine thallium levels are generally less than 0.8 mcg/L. Concentrations higher than 20 mcg/L indicate excessive exposure and may be linked to subclinical ...
Download Table | Comparison of thallium concentrations in urine from the present study and previous studies. from publication: A Case–Control Study of Prenatal Thallium Exposure and Low Birth ...
Confirmation of elevated Tl concentrations in blood, urine, or hair is indispensable for diagnosing Tl poisoning. The kidneys show the highest Tl concentration within 24 h after …
Thallium, Urine. Synonyms. THALLIUM, URINE; TL CONC; TL URINE; CONCENTRATION; Laboratory. Sendout. Reference Laboratory. Mayo TLU (8603) Section. Special Testing. Specimen Requirements. Collection Instructions. ... High concentrations of gadolinium and iodine are known to interfere with most metals tests. If either gadolinium- or iodine ...
Elevated thallium levels in hair, nails, blood, urine, feces, and saliva can aid in establishing a diagnosis. The standard method for measuring thallium concentration is a 24 …
Thallium concentrations measured in phytoplankton and macrophytes span a large range of values and depend on the type of organism (Twiss ... conducted studies focused on the determination of thallium in urine samples and achieved a detection limit of 0.1 μg L −1 with a relative standard deviation value of 3.5–4.4 %, whereas ...
Thallium values found in urine and hair samples were correlated with Tl concentration levels found in tap water in the living area of each citizen and with his/her habits.
Establishing human urinary thallium concentrations is a quick way to identify human exposure to thallium pollution (14). For a reliable analysis of thallium, the collection of 24-hour urine is advisable, because of the diurnal variation, i.e. peak excretion might vary as a result of a variation in drinking patterns. A thallium concentration ...
Bayesian linear mixed effects modelling was used to investigate factors affecting urinary thallium concentration and the efficacy of creatinine correction for the determination of urinary thallium. Results: The reference background urinary thallium level is 0.27 μmol/mol creatinine (creatinine-corrected) or 0.40 μg/l (uncorrected). Median ...
Pooled samples were analyzed using sensitive and accurate methods involving ICP-MS platforms to quantify urinary concentrations of 17 REEs and 7 elements of interest in Nunavik (arsenic, antimony, chromium, cobalt, nickel, thallium and uranium). REEs were mostly not detected in pooled samples from this population.
High concentrations of iodine may interfere with elemental testing. Abstinence from iodine-containing medications or contrast agents for at least 1 month prior to collecting specimens for elemental testing is recommended. Collect:24-hour or random urine collection. Specimen must be collected in a plastic container.
Thallium is quite toxic even at very low concentrations and tends to accumulate in the food chain once it enters the environment. Thallium and thallium-based compounds exhibit higher water solubility compared to other heavy metals. ... (Rb/Tl) on an HTMA are often correlated strongly with significant urinary thallium excretion in both Baseline ...
Necessary Information. 24-Hour volume (in milliliters) is required. Specimen Required. Patient Preparation: High concentrations of gadolinium and iodine are known to interfere with most metal tests. If either gadolinium- or iodine-containing contrast media has been administered, a specimen should not be collected for 96 hours. Supplies: Urine Tubes, 10 mL (T068)
Introduction Thallium is a highly toxic metal, with most publications demonstrating poisoning from thallium salts. We report on a patient with elevated serum and urine thallium concentrations from an intentional ingestion of elemental thallium purchased from the internet for self-harm. Case Report The regional poison center was contacted about an 18-year-old …
Urinary thallium concentrations. A total of 2,154 urine samples were analysed. Table 1 shows the size of the urine samples for each of the six homogeneous groups, the size of the samples excluded for creatinine values outside …
Only elevated thallium levels in hair, nails, blood, urine, feces and saliva can make a definitive clinical diagnosis. A 24-hour urine thallium concentration, assayed by atomic absorption photospectrometry, is the standard method. Although a urine spot test is faster, it has a high false-positive rate.
Thallium concentrations in hair and urine samples have to be discussed related to the environmental background levels representing Tl exposure. Fig. 4 a shows the arithmetic and geometric mean of Tl levels in the hair of subjects divided according to their residence area. From the data of hair analysis versus the residence of the subjects, it ...
fJ.mol/1 thallium. Known thallium concentrations in urine samples followed the standard curve closely. Blank urine specimens did not show any absorbance signal. To test the within-runprecision ofthe method, a pooled urine sample supplemented with I ·67 fJ.mol/1 thallium was analysed; the apparent thallium con-1·0 Bessems, Westerhuis ...
The levels of barium (Ba), cobalt (Co), cesium (Cs), manganese (Mn), and thallium (Tl) in urine were found to be negatively related to the prevalence of impaired cognitive performance in our cross-sectional investigation. Higher cadmium (Cd) levels were associated with cognitive impairment.
A 24-hour urine thallium concentration is the standard toxicologic method and is assayed by atomic absorption photospectrometry. The normal level is less than 5 mcg/L. A …
The kinetics of decay of Tl concentration in urine samples was also investigated. About 50% of urine samples had a Tl concentration value above 0,5 microgram/L; about 70% of hair samples had a Tl concentration > 10 ng/g (2 ±1 ng/g is the value of not exposed people). The high values of thallium found in hair samples suggest a long-term exposure.
The evaluation of thallium concentration in biological samples typically involves multiple elemental analysis methods, including atomic absorption ... The detection limits of thallium in blood, urine, and tissues were evaluated based on the standard deviation of the blank samples, which were 0.04 μg mL −1, 0.05 μg mL −1, and 0.06 μg g ...
LOINC Code 42225-3 Thallium [Moles/volume] in Urine. 42225-3 Thallium [Moles/volume] in Urine Active Part Descriptions. LP16837-4 Thallium Thallium is the chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Tl and atomic number 81. This soft gray malleable poor metal resembles tin but discolors when exposed to air.
Deep tendon reflexes were normal. Electrophysiological study mainly showed axonal motor neuropathy. This patient was admitted six weeks after the first symptoms. The clinical picture suggested thallium poisoning, which was confirmed by thallium concentrations in plasma, urine, hair and nails. After search, thallium was identified in a rat poison.
thallium concentration decreased very slowly, with a half-life of thallium in whole blood of 330 h. The half-life of thallium in the whole blood was ... and the 24-hour urinary output was kept at 2,000 -3,000 mL during hospitalization. The test results for sputum culture, urine culture, and arterial blood culture submitted on the
Elevated thallium levels in hair, nails, blood, urine, feces, and saliva can aid in establishing a diagnosis. The standard method for measuring thallium concentration is a 24-hour urine test, analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). Although hair, saliva, and feces testing have been used, urine is preferred for ...
